A special classification that, on request of the owner, may be assigned by the classification society to indicate that the ship is suitably constructed, powered and otherwise equipped for navigation in ice of a specified age and thickness. The leading classification societies publish a range of ice classes that are equivalent to the Finnish-Swedish Ice Class Designations. Lloyd's Register ice classes, for example, include 1 AS, 1A, 1B and 1C, while Bureau Veritas ice classes are IA SUPER, IA, IB and IC.

No, but a charter party provision may give them an option to do so.

Not necessarily. They may be amended in accordance with local circumstances if agreed to by the company and the seafarer's union.

A Dangerous Goods Note (DGN). This is basically a standard shipping note with additional features describing the dangerous aspects of the goods, and an eye-catching red border.

(1) On liner services (in the case of most containerships, deep-sea ro-ros and multi-purpose ships): or (2) in the voyage and time charter markets (in the case of containerships, oil tankers, dry bulk carriers, chemical tankers, LPG and LNG carriers, offshore supply vessels, etc. ).

An event or sequence of events that has resulted in any of the following and has occurred directly by or in connection with the operation of a ship involving: (i) the total loss of a ship; (ii) loss of life; or (iii) severe pollution.

International Certificate of Fitness for the Carriage of Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk.

The Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels (Control of Noise at Work) Regulations 2007, which implement an EC Directive. MCA guidance on their requirements is in MGN 352 and Chapter 34 of the Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen.

Cargo-handling, hose-handling, connection and disconnection (on tankers, supply vessels, etc. ), anchor-handling (on offshore vessels), bunkering, enclosed space entry, manual handling of stores, spares, engine parts, etc., berthing and unberthing, working aloft, working on pressure vessels or systems which could be under pressure, hot work, electrical work, isolation of systems, etc. (This answer should be adapted by the reader for special ship types. )

Certificate of Class; Interim Certificate of Class; Suez and Panama Canal Tonnage Certificates; Anchor Certificates; Chain Cable Certificates; Chain Cable Accessory Certificates; P&I Club Certificate of Entry.

(1) As a loose-leaf, printed publication, available in the UK with all amendments to date from TSO (The Stationery Office); 

The MCA will consider a ship to be safely manned if the crew includes sufficient officers and ratings with appropriate skills and experience to ensure that the principles set out in IMO Resolution A.890(21) as amended are complied with and the capabilities spelt out in that Resolution are available. The Resolution should be consulted when determining safe manning levels.

To: (1) say what you do (in a set of procedures and instructions in a safety management system or SMS); (2) do what you say (i. e. comply with the SMS), and (3) be able to prove it (by means of evidence such as log entries, checklists, drill records, answers to auditors' questions, performing operations under observation by auditors, etc. ).

Unless expressly provided otherwise in the Annex I regulations, it applies to all ships. However, the survey and certification regulations of MARPOL Annex Iapply only to tankers of 150 GT and above and every other ship of 400 GT and above.

(1)Personal survival techniques (as set out in STCW Code Table A-VI/1-1); (2)fire prevention and fire-fighting (Table A-VI/1-2); (3) elementary first aid (Table A-VI/1-3); and (4) personal safety and social responsibilities (Table A- VI/1-4).