A Prevention of Operation Notice may be served. (The MCA issued a Prevention of Operation Notice in 2001 to an Italian-flag ferry operating between Newhaven and Dieppe.)

Yes - but only in a cargo ship. The signal may be used in a drill or in an emergency.

That: (1) alterations have not been made to the hull or superstructures that would affect the calculations determining the position of the load line;

Passenger ships engaged only on domestic voyages other than ships of Class B, C or D. Class A ships are equivalent to UK Class II(A), IV or V ships.

(1) An Exemption Certificate issued by the MCA; and (2) a List of Crew Exempted from the Requirement to Sign a Crew Agreement (ALC 1(b)).

All passenger ships on international voyages and all cargo ships of 500 GT or more on international voyages. (SOLAS reg. V/14)

Yes. 

Yes, by successful completion of 28 days' MCA-approved shipboard training involving at least one loading and one discharging operation.

No. All IACS members must meet similar high standards and have roughly the same rules, but there are minor differences. The rules of societies which are not IACS members may vary widely.

The party who takes delivery of the goods from the carrier at the destination port or terminal. It may be the consignee himself, or another party (e. g. a road transport company) acting as an agent of the consignee.

It marks the position of the design waterline, as required by regulation 2. 9 of the HSC Code (Marking and recording of the design waterline). The forward and after draughts corresponding to this waterline are shown in the High-Speed Craft Safety Certificate.

It is the duty of the master or masters of the ship or ships requisitioned to comply with the requisition by continuing to proceed with all speed to the assistance of the persons in distress. (An entry should be made in the Official Log Book of any such requisition. )

The master may require a seafarer to work any hours of work necessary for the immediate safety of the ship or persons on board or cargo or for the purpose of giving assistance to another ship or to a person in distress at sea. 

On arrival at and departure from any port or terminal, to Customs (in UK) or any State or  official requesting it.

Inform the agent, who should write a letter of protest to the shipper on the master's behalf and complete and sign the bills of lading under protest. The agent would then release all the original documents to the shipper, who would send them to the consignee.