It is immaterial. Courts and arbitrators will set aside any unreasonable demand, even if agreed to. Under LOF 2011 the reward (in the absence of settlement) is determined by arbitrators guided by a set of criteria for fixing the reward laid down in the International Convention on Salvage, 1989.
What records should be made relating to a salvage service rendered to a ship and cargo, and why?
Contemporaneous evidence about: the terms on which assistance was offered and accepted; details of assisting vessels;
In what circumstances would it be appropriate for a master to issue a Letter of Protest?
(1) When cargo is being loaded too fast or too slowly;
Where a UK ship is carrying hazardous cargo, what are the master's statutory obligations regarding the keeping of a watch in port?
When safely moored or safely at anchor, the master must, in addition to any other port watchkeeping arrangements required byThe Merchant Shipping (Safe Manning, Hours of Work and Watchkeeping) Regulations, ensure that, where the hazardous cargo is a bulk cargo, a safe deck watch and a safe engineering watch are maintained by the ready availability on board of a duly qualified officer or officers, and, where appropriate, ratings. If the cargo is packaged hazardous cargo, then in organizing the safe watchkeeping arrangements the master must take account of the nature, quantity, packing and stowage of the hazardous cargo and of any special conditions on board, afloat and ashore.
What are the basic legal obligations of all sea carriers, i. e. the "common law obligations"?
(1) To provide a vessel which is seaworthy for the purpose of the contract (at the time the contract is made).
What is a port of choice?
A port, selected from a list of about 80 permitted UK ports, with which an applicant for registry of a British ship wishes the ship to be associated, and which must be permanently marked on the ship's stern. The computerized register of UK ships is maintained at Cardiff by the RSS and there are now no other genuine UK ports of registry, but the expression "port of registry" is still used unofficially when referring to the port of choice.
What is the purpose of a letter of credit?
To enable the seller to receive payment for the goods soon after shipment. The LOC contains the conditions under which payment may be made and to which the banks involved must adhere.
What levels of responsibility are specified by STCW 2010?
(1) Management level; (2) operational level; and (3) support level. The level for which a seafarer is qualified is endorsed on his/her certificate of competency and in endorsements.
What document is issued as a Supplement to the IOPP Certificate, and what does it contain in the case of a tanker and a non-tanker?
A Record of Construction and Equipment.
Which organization is responsible for border control in the UK?
The UK Border Agency (UKBA) of the Home Office. Website: www. ukba. homeoffice. gov. uk
What are the LHNS Guidelines?
Guidelines for the Transport and Handling of Limited Amounts of Hazardous and Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk on Offshore Support Vessels, adopted by the IMO Assembly by Resolution A.673(16). They contain a model OSV Certificate of Fitness.
Does the STCW 2010 requirement for safety familiarisation training apply to supernumeraries carried on board?
Yes. "All persons employed or engaged in a seagoing ship other than passengers" includes supernumeraries. (Supernumeraries in a UK ship are required to be listed as "seamen" in a List of Crew. )
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